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起重作业的安全对策措施 | 2012-5-25 19:19:00

起重作业的安全对策措施

 
起重吊装作业潜在的危险性是物体打击。如果吊装的物体是易燃、易爆、有毒、腐蚀性强的物料,若吊索吊具意外断裂、吊钩损坏或违反操作规程等发生吊物坠落,除有可能直接伤人外,还会将盛装易燃、易爆、有毒、腐蚀性强的物件包装损坏,介质流散出来,造成污染,甚至会发生火灾、爆炸、腐蚀、中毒等事故。起重设备在检查、检修过程中,存在着触电、高处坠落、机械伤害等危险性,汽车吊在行驶过程中存在着引发交通事故的潜在危险性。
 1.吊装作业人员必须持有2种作业证。吊装质量大于10t的物体应办理《吊装安全作业证》。
 2.吊装质量妻40t的物体和土建工程主体结构,应编制吊装施工方案。吊物虽不足40t,但形状复杂、刚度小、长径比大、精密贵重、施工条件特殊的情况下,也应编制吊装施工方案。吊装施工方案经施工主管部门和安全技术部门审查,报主管厂长或总工程师批准后方可实施。
 3.各种吊装作业前,应预先在吊装现场设置安全警戒标志并设专人监护,非施工人员禁止入内。
 4.吊装作业中,夜间应有足够的照明,室外作业遇到大雪、暴雨、大雾及六级以上大风时,应停止作业。
 5.吊装作业人员必须佩戴安全帽,安全帽应符合《安全帽》(GB28ll—1989)的规定。高处作业时应遵守厂区高处作业安全规程的有关规定。
 6.吊装作业前,应对起重吊装设备、钢丝绳、揽风绳、链条、吊钩等各种机具进行检查,必须保证安全可靠,不准带病使用。
 7.吊装作业时,必须分工明确、坚守岗位,并按《起重吊运指挥信号》(GB5082—1985)规定的联络信号,统一指挥。
 8.严禁利用管道、管架、电杆、机电设备等做吊装锚点。未经相关部门审查核算,不得将建筑物、构筑物作为钱点。
 9。吊装作业前必须对各种起重吊装机械的运行部位、安全装置以及吊具、索具进行详细的安全检查,吊装设备的安全装置应灵敏可靠。吊装前必须试吊,确认无误方可作业。   
 10.任何人不得随同吊装重物或吊装机械升降。在特殊情况下必须随之升降的,应采取可靠的安全措施,并经过现场指挥员批准。
 11.吊装作业现场如须动火时,应遵守厂区动火作业安全规程的有关规定。吊装作业现场的吊绳索、揽风绳、拖拉绳等应避免同带电线路接触,并保持安全距离。
 12.用定型起重吊装机械(履带吊车、轮胎吊车、桥式吊车等)进行吊装作业时,除遵守通用标准外,还应遵守该定型机械的操作规程。
 13.吊装作业时,必须按规定负荷进行吊装,吊具、索具经计算选择使用,严禁超负荷运行。所吊重物接近或达到额定起重吊装能力时,应检查制动器,用低高度、短行程试吊后,再平稳吊起。
 14.悬吊重物下方严禁人员站立、通行和工作。
 15.在吊装作业中,有下列情况之一者不准吊装:
    (1)指挥信号不明;
    (2)超负荷或物体质量不明;
    (3)斜拉重物;
    (4)光线不足,看不清重物;
    (5)重物下站人,或重物越过人头;
    (6)重物理在地下;
    (7)重物紧固不牢,绳打结、绳不齐;
   (8)棱刃物体没有衬垫措施;
    (9)容器内介质过满;
    (10)安全装置失灵。
 16.汽车吊作业时,除要严格遵守起重作业和汽车吊的有关安全操作规程外,应保证车辆的完好,不准带病运行,做到行驶安全。

Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-3-2 20:51:46
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-20 16:09:09
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-20 0:16:29
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-18 14:45:57
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-23 15:17:51
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-17 22:54:41
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-16 17:08:11
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 15:57:33
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-11 18:21:48
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原创 | 2016-9-30 15:48:08
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原创 | 2016-9-28 21:05:09
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原创 | 2016-9-6 21:30:51
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