防静电工具及应用
多年来,在取油样过程中经常发生遭静电电击的现象。感应静电已严重影响取油样工作,特别是随着电网电压的升级,尤其是银南供电局青铜峡330kV变电站投运后,静电感应越来越强,采用原有的取样方法已无法对设备进行正常的取油样工作。
为防止感应静电也曾做过一些改进,如扳手手柄缠绕绝缘胶带、带绝缘手套、自制工具等。但操作复杂,易打滑,污染设备,严重影响工作效率,且不安全。
向有关兄弟单位及工区检修班组查询,均存在静电电击的现象。因此,迫切需要寻找一种行之有效的方法,从根本上克服静电的影响。
1.感应静电产生的原因
在取油样过程中,绝大部分设备都处在运行状态。取样时,人体处于高压设备区,这时人体是一个独立的感应体,与高压带电体形成了一个以空气为介质的电容。在交变电场的作用下人体不断积累电荷从而感应了不同程度的静电,致使人体与取样设备部位(即地)存在电位差。这时,若人体接触到设备取样部位,人体就对地放电,而使人遭电击。
2.消除感应静电的方法
消除感应静电的方法有二种:(1)绝缘法,主要是使人体与取样部位绝缘,其缺点是:工具多、只能使用于感应静电小的情况。(2)利用电位平衡的原理解决这一问题,即人体接地,从而消除人体对地放电现象。
3.专用工具的制作
专用工具:把一铜网缝制在自粘胶带上,用软质导线连接,一头装上夹子。在取样时,先将带铜网的一端缠绕在手腕上,然后将另一端接在地上,这样人和地处于同一电位,从而克服了人体对地放电,进而顺利取样。该工具拆卸方便,操作简单,灵活实用,可靠性强,能重复使用。特别对消除修试班组在工作中普遍存在感应静电的现象,具有很大的推广价值。
4结束语
现场使用后,体会到以下优点:(1)为克服感应静电提供新的工具;(2)克服了以前使用的防感应静电工具的繁琐与不便;(3)人员使用时无心理障碍;(4)解决了330kVPT取样难的问题;(5)提高取样工作效率。
- 上一篇:致命电流最小极限值
- 下一篇:如何快速查找设备是否漏电
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