2011年注册安全工程师考试辅导讲义:《生产管理知识》(1)
作业条件危险性评价法(Job Risk Analysis,JRA)
美国的K.J.格雷厄姆(Keneth J.Graham)和G.F.金尼(Gilbert F.'Kinney)研究了人们在具有潜在危险环境中作业的危险性,提出了以所评价的环境与某些作为参考环境的对比为基础,将作业条件的危险性作为因变量(D),事故或危险事件发生的可能性(L)、暴露于危险环境的频率(E)及危险严重程度(C)作为自变量,确定了它们之间的函数式。根据实际经验,他们给出了3个自变量的各种不同情况的分数值,采取对所评价的对象根据情况进行“打分”的办法,然后根据公式计算出其危险性分数值,再在按经验将危险性分数值划分的危险程度等级表或图上,查出其危险程度的一种评价方法。这是一种简单易行的评价作业条件危险性的方法。
定量风险评价方法(Qua:ntity Risk Analysis,QRA)
在识别危险分析方面,定性和半定量的评估是非常有价值的,但是这些方法仅是定性分析,不能提供足够的定量分析,特别是不能对复杂的并存在危险的工业流程等提供决策的依据和足够的信息,在这种情况下,必须能够提供完全的定量的计算和评价。风险可以表征为事故发生的频率和事故的后果的乘积。定量风险评价对这两方面均进行评价,可以将风险的大小完全量化,并提供足够的信息,为业主、投资者、政府管理者提供定量化的决策依据。
对于事故后果模拟分析,国内外有很多研究成果。如美国、英国、德国等发达国家,早在20世纪80年代初便完成了以Burro,Coyote,Thot.ney Island为代表的一系列大规模现场泄漏扩散实验。在90年代,又针对毒性物质的泄漏扩散进行了现场实验研究。迄今为止,已经形成了数以百计的事故后果模型。如著名的DEGADIS、ALOHA、SLAB、TRACE、ARCHIE等。基于事故模型的实际应用也取得了发展,如DNV公司的SAFETYⅡ软件是一种多功能的定量风险分析和危险评价软件包,包含多种事故模型,可用于工厂的选址、区域和土地使用决策、运输方案选择、优化设计、提供可接受的安全标准。Shell GlobalSolution公司提供的Shell FRED、Shell SCOPE和Shell Shepherd三个序列的模拟软件涉及泄漏、火灾、爆炸和扩散等方面的风险评价。这些软件都是建立在大量实验的基础上得出的数学模型,有着很强的可信度。评价的结果用数字或图形的方式显示事故影响区域,以及个人和社会承担的风险。根据风险的严重程度对可能发生的事故进行分级,有助于制定降低风险的措施。
- 上一篇:醋更贵
- 下一篇:2011年注册安全工程师考试辅导讲义:《生产管理知识》(2)
http://wen.28.com/article/62409
http://wen.28.com/article/62410
http://wen.28.com/article/62411
http://wen.28.com/article/62412
http://wen.28.com/article/62413
http://wen.28.com/article/62414
http://wen.28.com/article/62415
http://wen.28.com/article/62416
http://wen.28.com/article/62417
http://wen.28.com/article/154152
http://wen.28.com/article/154153
http://wen.28.com/article/154154
http://wen.28.com/article/154155
http://wen.28.com/article/154156
http://wen.28.com/article/154157
http://wen.28.com/article/154158
http://wen.28.com/article/154159
http://wen.28.com/article/154160
http://wen.28.com/question/5403
http://wen.28.com/question/5404
http://wen.28.com/question/5405
http://wen.28.com/question/5406
http://wen.28.com/question/5407
http://wen.28.com/question/5408
http://wen.28.com/question/5409
http://wen.28.com/question/5410
http://wen.28.com/question/5411
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822940?beng=61186
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822941?pei=64149
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822942?qin=85572
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822944?rong=07461
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822945?you=82419
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822946?kui=39233
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822948?lian=35832
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822949?yu=42149
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13822951?hai=69186
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-449804.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/9490/archives/2011/115046.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-449806.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/73171/archives/2012/122240.html
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-449808.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2013/128565.html
http://www.pinterest.com/fj3z7lpx3jn7rv3/
http://www.anqiu123.com/store-1787/document-id-449810.html
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153670?pi=10705
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153676?mie=51951
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153707?jiu=79158
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153744?yu=37934
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153749?lan=05580
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153764?fei=11463
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153791?ji=18805
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153778?fei=51739
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=14153781?di=55832
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722715?xu=92267
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722717?yin=84062
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722709?nang=94284
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722719?yan=72267
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722724?jiang=61951
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722728?juan=41146
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722722?ou=15602
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722734?gui=10794
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13722743?ke=61951
http://www.hainan0898.net/archive.php?aid=626893
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2011/118198.html
http://www.zyloushi.com/archive.php?aid=426617
http://ltfj1vz51p9b7.yupoo.com/
http://www.0577tfw.com/archive.php?aid=7623
http://qqgame.gamebbs.qq.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=60253137
http://www.lefang365.com/archive.php?aid=187124
http://www.csgfw.cn/archive.php?aid=489406
http://www.lefang365.com/archive.php?aid=187125
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13350617?yi=27702
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13350635?mian=27517
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13350677?wo=93580
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13350707?kou=69924
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13350794?qie=75173
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13351297?tong=73519
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13351335?zhong=47414
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13351336?huan=27517
http://bbs.hsw.cn/apps.php?q=group&a=read&cyid=314&tid=13351400?bu=50222
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5rOo5YaM44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5oC75Luj44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5aix5LmQ44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5Zyw5Z2A44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx55u05bGe44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5Luj55CG44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx6buR6ZKx44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/kMzYx5bmz5Y-w5Yeg5bm05LqG44CQ55u05bGeOTUyNDk5KFEp44CRp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3171104727470833754.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/kaoshi/3171104727470833754.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3171104738138128466.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/kaoshi/3171104738138128466.html
http://www.pinterest.com/e4qu80o89hltx/
http://u8gsae28u6g4.yupoo.com/
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3171104789682323538.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/kaoshi/3171104789682323538.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3171104804786733146.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5Y2X5YWF5pyJ5pe25pe25b2p5ZCXLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5pe25pe25b2p5piv5YGH55qE5ZCnLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k6Iux5Zu95pe25pe25b2p5L2T5b2pLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5LqR5Y2X5pyJ5pe25pe25b2p5o6o5Ye65ZCXLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5LqR5Y2X6auY6aKR5b2p5pe25pe25b2p5byA5aWWLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5LqR5Y2X5pe25pe25b2p6L2v5Lu25LiL6L29LVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5LqR5Y2X5pe25pe25b2p55u05pKtLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5bGx6KW_MjDpgIk45pe25pe25b2pLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5LqR5Y2X5pe25pe25b2p5byA5aWW57uT5p6c6LWw5Yq_5Zu-55m-5bqmLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5byA5oi35pyA6auYLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5a6Y572RLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5oCO5LmI5qC3LVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w572R5Z2A5piv5LuA5LmILVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5rOo5YaMLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5Luj55CGLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5pe25pe25b2pLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-w5oCO5LmI5rOo5YaMLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.czvv.com/k5pe25pe25b2p5aSa5LmQ5aix5LmQ5bmz5Y-wLVvlrpjmlrlRUS05NTI0OTldp0c0cc0s0m0e0f0d0.html
http://www.iciba.com/%E4%BA%B2%E4%BA%B2%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E7%BE%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%BD%91%E5%9D%80-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E7%BE%A4-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%BE%A4-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E7%BE%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E5%91%98-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E7%BE%A4-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.iciba.com/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E6%97%B6%E6%97%B6%E5%BD%A9%E9%AB%98%E6%89%8B%E7%BE%A4-%E3%80%90Q952499%E3%80%91
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6%E5%BF%AB%E5%90%97%2B952499%28Q%29npuw
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6%E5%BF%AB%E5%90%97%2B952499%28Q%29eimqu
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B7%91%E8%B7%AF%2B952499%28Q%29dicgk
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%B7%91%E8%B7%AF%2B952499%28Q%29mkce
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B7%91%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%86%E5%90%97%2B952499%28Q%29loquy
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%B7%91%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%86%E5%90%97%2B952499%28Q%29baq
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%A2%AB%E6%9F%A5%2B952499%28Q%29waeim
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%A2%AB%E6%9F%A5%2B952499%28Q%29uycg
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BA%9A%E8%B1%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%90%8E%E5%8F%B0%2B952499%28Q%29osw
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/archives/2010/104673.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66374/archives/2010/104497.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/85686/archives/2011/106130.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2011/107815.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/85686/archives/2011/112305.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66374/archives/2011/115825.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/9490/archives/2011/118173.html
http://bbs.pcauto.com.cn/topic-12215148.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2012/121080.html
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%A2%AB%E6%9F%A5952499_aeimi
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%A2%AB%E6%9F%A5952499_quyc
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%90%8E%E5%8F%B0952499_kos
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%90%8E%E5%8F%B0952499_zdhlp
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%BE%85%E9%81%87952499_rphjn
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%BE%85%E9%81%87952499_tvzd
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8952499_lpt
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8952499_cgln
http://www.biomart.cn/product/s?wd=%E4%BB%8E%E5%93%AA%E9%87%8C%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%B6%E6%B1%87%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7952499_vzdhd
易安博客 版权所有