http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/index.html

附件2:可容许风险标准

作者[孙锡云] 发表于[2011-10-14 23:45:00]

附件2

可容许风险标准

 

一、可容许个人风险标准

个人风险是指因危险化学品重大危险源各种潜在的火灾、爆炸、有毒气体泄漏事故造成区域内某一固定位置人员的个体死亡概率,即单位时间内(通常为年)的个体死亡率。通常用个人风险等值线表示。

通过定量风险评价,危险化学品单位周边重要目标和敏感场所承受的个人风险应满足表1中可容许风险标准要求。

1 可容许个人风险标准

 危险化学品单位周边重要目标和敏感场所类别

可容许

风险

/年)

1.高敏感场所(如学校、医院、幼儿园、养老院等);

2.重要目标(如党政机关、军事管理区、文物保护单位等);

3.特殊高密度场所(如大型体育场、大型交通枢纽等)。

<310-7

1.居住类高密度场所(如居民区、宾馆、度假村等);

2.公众聚集类高密度场所(如办公场所、商场、饭店、娱乐场所等)。

<110-6

 


二、可容许社会风险标准

社会风险是指能够引起大于等于N人死亡的事故累积频率(F),也即单位时间内(通常为年)的死亡人数。通常用社会风险曲线(F-N曲线)表示。

可容许社会风险标准采用ALARPAs Low As Reasonable Practice)原则作为可接受原则。ALARP原则通过两个风险分界线将风险划分为3个区域,即:不可容许区、尽可能降低区(ALARP)和可容许区。

①若社会风险曲线落在不可容许区,除特殊情况外,该风险无论如何不能被接受。

②若落在可容许区,风险处于很低的水平,该风险是可以被接受的,无需采取安全改进措施。

③若落在尽可能降低区,则需要在可能的情况下尽量减少风险,即对各种风险处理措施方案进行成本效益分析等,以决定是否采取这些措施。

通过定量风险评价,危险化学品重大危险源产生的社会风险应满足图1中可容许社会风险标准要求。

 


 

死亡人数  N/(个)

可容许区

尽可能降低区

不可容许区

文本框: 累积频率F/(次/年)

  

 1 可容许社会风险标准(F-N)曲线

  • 圈子:注安之家 
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    原创

    作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-30 10:09:27]
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    原创

    作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-28 15:35:51]
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    作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-6 16:02:38]
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