一、危险源辨识的范围
辨识范围必须覆盖公司所有生产经营活动全过程。应考虑以下内容与情况:
过去、现在、将来 三种时态;
过去的经验:发生过的事故、事件;
现在的状态
未来的预测
正常、异常、紧急 三种状态;
产品设计、制造及服务过程;
所有进入公司作业现场的人员、设备和物质及有关活动;
法律、法规及其他要求;
职业健康安全方针;
事故及事件记录;
来自员工和相关方的信息交流;
公司相关的实践经验,类似企业发生的事故和事件信息。
二、危险源识别包含的范围
☆厂区平面布局
☆建(构)筑物
☆生产工艺过程
☆生产设备、设施
☆机械、电气、职业危害因素等。
三、工伤事故物的不安全状态
1、防护、保险、信号等装置缺乏或有缺陷(无防护或防护不当);
2、设备、设施、工具、附件有缺陷(设计不当,结构不合安全要求;强度不够;设备非正常运行;维修、调整不良);
3、个人防护用品用具缺少或有缺陷(无防护;用品用具不合安全要求);
4、场地环境不良(照度;通风;场所狭窄;场地杂乱;交通线路不安全;操作工序设计或配置不安全;地面;储存方法;温度、湿度不当)。
四、事故发生的原因:
生产过程中存在可能发生意外释放的能量或危险物质
导致能量或危险物质约束或限制失效的各种不安全因素
— 人员的不安全行为
— 机、物的不安全状态
— 环境的不安全条件
安全管理上的缺陷
五、危险源辨识方法
现场观察 对人体造成伤害可能的事物
查阅有关记录 记忆力材料、事故材料等
安全检查表 检查出隐患、问题点
询问与交流 班组讨论,集思广益
六、 危险源辨识实例
第一步:班组员工通过现场观察、查阅前期有关记录、安全检查表的问题点以及询问与交流可列出以下危险因素:
第二步:班组填写危险源识别登记表
第三步:分厂将班组上报的识别登记表转化为辨识评价表并上报安环部
过程中可对班组识别的L、E、C、D进行拓展
第四步:安环部经过公司相关部门评审后下发危险源清单,班组确认
- 上一篇:野外用水的那些事儿(三)
- 下一篇:风险识别的常用武器——「假设状况」法
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