26日,由中国医院协会企业医院分会主办、北京电力医院承办的首届全国企业医院健康管理大会在北京召开。中国医院协会曹荣桂会长宣布“企业医院健康管理学组”成立并发表重要讲话。他指出,目前我国的职业卫生现状不容乐观。
曹荣桂指出,我国的职业卫生现状不容乐观,突出表现在以下四个方面:
第一,病人总量大。截止2006年底,全国累计报告职业病676562例,其中尘肺病累计发病616442例,死亡146195例,病死率达23.7%。2010年,卫生部向社会公布了《2009年全国职业病报告情况》: 新中国成立以来至2009年年底,累计报告职业病722730例。职业病病人的病种也由1957年的14种扩大到现在的115种,50年增加了近5倍。
第二,发病率较高。我国涉及有毒有害作业的企业超过1600万家,接触职业危害的人数超过2亿。
第三,经济损失大。据有关方面粗略估算,我国每年因职业病、工伤事故造成的直接经济损失达1000亿元,间接经济损失约达2000亿元。
第四,社会影响大。由于职业危害具有群体性,致伤、致残率高,以及难以治愈等特点,社会影响恶劣,同时,也造成国际上的不良影响。
曹荣桂认为,目前大多数企业的领导都比较重视和关心职工的健康。组织一年一度的健康体检基本已纳入企业的工作议程,体检的资金也纳入了预算。但是,“普遍缺乏体检后的进一步的跟踪与管理,也就是没有真正的健康管理。” 曹荣桂说。
曹荣桂强调,企业医院由于其自身直接隶属于大型国有企业,直接面对广大企业员工,做好员工的疾病预防保健工作义不容辞,在职业人群健康管理上也有着社会医院无可比拟的优势。企业医院应该充分发挥自身优势,积极开展职业健康体检,做好岗前,岗中及离岗时的职业病检查,建立职工职业健康档案,动态关注职工的职业健康状况,及时发现职业危害因素,最大限度地保障职工健康。通过健康科普教育及其它健康促进的手段,让职工了解疾病、了解自身,提高职工健康素养。倡导在职工中开展安全教育,让职工了解职业安全危害因素,普及现场应急救护知识,提高职工在突发情况下的应急避险与自救能力。
曹荣桂指出,企业医院应密切关注以下职工健康水平变化指标:第一,职工一般疾病发病率的下降比例。第二,职工因病伤缺勤工时下降比例。第三,职业病发病率下降比例。第四,职工平均期望寿命及死亡率变化(根据健康教育计划周期长短)。第五,劳动生产率与经济效益提高的指标。(周雷刚)
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