再一次地,这个社会敞现了一口“人心的盲井”。
首先坠入其中的,是个名叫“黄所格”的四川籍民工。11月21日,他远赴湖北大冶一家矿业公司打工。不料工作才两天就在下井时意外身亡,闻讯赶来的“家人”,为此获得了20万元的赔偿金。
但事实真相并非如此,一起安全事故还不是最令人揪心的。随着大冶警方的深入调查,人们发现真正的黄所格早在两年前就已去世,而所谓的家人,其实是杀人凶手,或者敲诈者。至于那位不明不白的冤死者,目前还没有查明身份,很可能是名智障患者。
这口盲井的狰狞面目逐渐清晰起来。在“黄所格”的家乡四川省雷波县,据说还有更多这样的智障患者。他们被人哄骗到偏远的山村,接着被“主人”带到全国各地去打工。结局和“黄所格”一样,或被推下建筑工地,或在矿井下被杀死,以此换来高额的赔偿金。
面对这样一个真相,很多评论者用目眦俱裂、心胆俱摧等词语来形容内心的悲愤。不过,北京的一名精神病学者却没有那么激动。“即使在自己的家里,不少精神病人也是被关在笼子里,和一个囚犯没有什么区别。”他还透露说,在一些没有达标的精神病院,智障患者终日被禁闭在房间里,没有任何户外活动。
他曾看到过这样一则新闻。一个农村家庭,由于无钱医治患精神病的儿子,专门铸造了一个高约1.8米、长约2米、宽约1米的铁笼。在6年的时间里,父母从没有让儿子走出这个刚好容身的牢笼。
“弱势群体中的弱势群体”,该学者如此为我们身边的严重精神病患者定位。
如今,这个长期被忽略的群体以这样的方式引起人们关注。就像“圈养的牲口”一样,他们成为“主人”的私有财产,可以进行买卖,成为赚钱的工具,甚至以命换钱。据报道,从2007年起,类似的杀人敲诈案已经发生20起,死亡近20人,涉及辽宁、云南和湖北等9个省份。
胁迫他们下井的人,其实和他们一样,大部分属于弱势群体。一个圈养智障患者的乡镇,人均年收入只有800元。整个乡只有乡政府里有条电线,“点亮的灯泡还没有蜡烛亮”。
在矿产资源的利益链上,贫困的农民工长期处在最底层。巨大的利益面前,他们的尊严和生命变得轻贱不堪。如今,矿难死亡人数不断累加,赔偿金额也从数万元涨到数十万元。但一个事实并未改变:矿工的生命依然和金钱画着等号,鲜活的个体总还是可以轻巧地被冰冷的数字所代替。
这则新闻提示我们,那种对生命的漠视和对人性的践踏,目前已扩展到了更为无助的人群身上,且是以构成完整“利益链条”的方式。大量的智障患者不仅得不到应有的关注,相反承受了越过人伦底线的折磨和伤害。迄今为止,中国尚无《精神卫生法》,对于精神病人严重缺乏必要的医疗保障和救助。上述把儿子关进“牢笼”的那位母亲,并非铁石心肠,但除此之外,她没有任何选择,既无力负担儿子的医疗费,也没有太多时间进行监护。
两种畸形的社会现实在暴利的驱逐下一拍即合。一方面,少有人关心智障患者的处境,另一方面,少有人介意矿工的死活——最终的结果是,这些具有双重身份的社会底层者,一把被按进暗无天日的“盲井”里,以极其惨烈的方式,为另一些残忍卑劣但确实也属弱势的人兑换出“价值”。
这场惨烈的悲剧或许可以提醒我们,这个社会需要填补的,不仅是人心的盲井,还有制度的疏漏。这种疏漏,有时候能衬托出善良,但更有可能的是映照出幽暗的恶。
(本文来源:中国青年报 )
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