摘要:绿叶菜,如菠菜、油菜、茼蒿、空心菜、菜心等,是营养价值最高的蔬菜,是蔬菜有益健康的代表,对健康的益处几乎不可替代。每日饮食中,应保证100—
1.富含维生素C。通常人们以为水果中的维生素C高,其实,绿叶菜中维生素C的含量比普通水果高。
2.富含β-胡萝卜素。β-胡萝卜素可以消除自由基,延缓衰老,预防慢性病。它还能转化为维生素A,对视力、黏膜、生长发育和免疫力有重要作用。
3.富含叶酸。叶酸不但对胎儿神经系统发育和造血系统有重要作用,还对防治“高同型半胱氨酸血症”发挥重要作用,进而预防动脉粥样硬化。
4.富含维生素B2。维生素B2是中国人最易缺乏的维生素之一,它对皮肤、粘膜和眼睛的健康有重要作用。
5.含较多维生素E。虽然就相对含量而言,绿叶菜所含维生素E不及油脂、坚果等食物多,但绿叶菜适合大量食用,仍能获得较多的维生素E。
6.富含维生素K。维生素K不但与凝血功能有关,还对骨骼健康很重要。
7.富含钾。绿叶菜是膳食钾的重要来源。钾可以对抗钠(盐)的升血压作用,对防治高血压有益。
8.含较多钙。虽然就相对含量而言,绿叶菜所含钙不及奶制品和豆制品,但它仍然是钙的重要来源之一。
9.富含镁。绿叶菜的叶绿素中富含镁。摄入充足的镁,对促进骨骼健康、预防心血管疾病、预防肾结石等都非常重要。
10.富含膳食纤维。膳食纤维能维持肠道健康,通便排毒;预防肥胖、高血脂和糖尿病;维持肠道菌群的健康。
11.抗癌防病。除上述营养物质外,绿叶菜还富含叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、多酚等多种抗氧化物质。这些有益成分组合起来,就构成了绿叶菜抗癌防病的理论基础。现有的研究表明,绿叶菜能预防癌症;预防心脑血管病(如高血压、冠心病、中风等);预防骨质疏松;预防视网膜变性和白内障;延缓衰老;促进肠道健康;促进皮肤健康等。
如果非要说说绿叶菜的缺点的话,那就是不耐储藏。大家在吃绿叶菜时,一定要注意新鲜,以免摄入过多亚硝酸盐。
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