一、事故概况及经过
该厂是某县大树区办企业,1984年筹建,同年8月经省公安厅、9月经省乡镇企业局批准投产。
二、事故原因分析
1.已装药的半成品鞭炮跌落在地上,与水泥地面撞击引起爆炸。
2.摩擦引起爆炸。人多拥挤,将板凳碰倒,取板凳的工人在拿板凳时与地面残药发生碰撞、摩擦而引起爆炸。
3.静电起火引起爆炸。有些工人穿着化纤衣服,产生静电放电而引起爆炸。
另外,在现场发现了炸毁的电线,因此不应排除由照明电源引起爆炸的可能。事故发生后,在配药房发现有使用雄黄的痕迹,故不能排除改变鞭炮配药带来的问题(鞭炮药剂中如同时使用氯酸钾和雄黄,则其爆炸性质如同摔炮一样灵敏)。
4.该厂管理混乱,鞭炮二车间无基本避雷设施,无任何消防器材,厂房布置不合理,搓引工房,中转库及钻饼房等共24间厂房全部连成一体;原料库中大量氯酸钾、雄黄、硫黄及铝粉混存,并且有大量零散成品鞭炮存于原料库中,库中装有非防爆的照明灯;有重大隐患的库房与车间办公室、职工宿舍相连。
三、防止同类事故的措施
1.设专门仓库,按分组存放的规定进行储存,且不可超期、超量、混存。
2.严格执行定员、定量规则,定期清扫工作现场,消除药尘、余药,按规定销毁。
3.认真贯彻执行国家颁布的有关烟花爆竹安全生产的现定。工厂的布局、生产管理、电气设备的安装必须符合现行有关安全规范的规定。
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