一、少肉多豆
我们身边有不少“肉食动物”,汉堡、烤肉、烤鸭、红烧肉,顿顿无肉不欢。按“膳食平衡宝塔”的建议,一个人每天最好只摄入瘦肉75克,即一副扑克牌大小的一块。
1)体力劳动者、男性可以多吃红肉;
2)脑力劳动者、女性及身体机能退化的老人,应多吃白肉。
3)患有肥胖、心脏病、高血压等的人,更应少吃肉,多吃豆制品。豆子被称为“地里长出来的肉”,特别是用大豆做的各种豆制品,比如水豆腐、豆腐丝、豆腐干、豆腐皮之类,都是提供蛋白质的好食品。
二、少盐多醋
盐不仅会偷走你身体里的钙,还会带走正常的血压。自家做饭时,除了少放盐,也要尽量控制酱油、番茄酱、辣椒酱、咖喱等调味品的摄入量。更要小心看不见的盐,比如餐馆中红烧菜、炖菜等菜品,薯片、罐头及快餐方便食品中都含较多的盐。醋则称得上是厨房里的保健调味品了,炒菜时不妨放一点,用米醋腌泡菜可以降血脂,用陈醋配着面食吃能助消化,做鱼和骨头汤的时候放点醋,还有助于其中钙质的吸收。
三、少食多嚼
想管住自己的嘴,不妨尝试以下几招:在感到有点儿饿时开始吃饭,而且每餐在固定时间吃;每次少盛一点,或使用浅盘和透明餐具;吃饭至少保证20分钟,因为从吃饭开始,经过20分钟后,大脑才会接收到吃饱的信号。一般来说,每口食物咀嚼15—20次,有助消化,避免发胖,还能缓解紧张、焦虑的情绪。不妨用小汤匙代替筷子,或者轮流使用勺子和筷子吃饭,即使想快也快不起来,保证每口食物都能充分咀嚼。
四、少衣多浴
一提到少穿,自会让人想到“春捂秋冻”。其实,秋冻不是让人挨冻,而是指缓缓添衣。适当的凉爽刺激,有助于促进身体代谢,提高对低温的适应力。当户外早晚气温降低到10℃左右时,就应该结束“秋冻”了。洗个热水澡既能解乏,又助睡眠,最重要的是在洗澡时做点“小动作”,比如用手掌在腹部按顺时针方向按摩,并淋浴腹部,可以防便秘,在水流中搓脸能加速血液流动,能缓解疲劳。早晨起来最适合淋浴,可以唤醒身心,而睡前1至2个小时,最好在浴盆里泡个澡。水温应在40—50摄氏度,比体温略高。
五、少药多练
不管平时多大方,吃药时最该“抠门点”,遇到伤风感冒这样的小病,最好扛一扛,别随便吃药。老年人还应遵守“岁加量减”的原则,60岁以上的老年人,其用药量相当于成人用药量的3/4,不可自行增加,并且同时最多只能服4种药。如果没有养成锻炼的习惯,吃药也等于白吃。最新研究显示,只要每天坚持锻炼15分钟,平均可延寿3年,比如快走、慢跑、骑自行车等,都称得上最好的“药物”。
六、少车多步
一项研究显示,有车一族越来越多,大约25%的人已经丢掉了走路的习惯。研究发现,整天开车到处走的人比喜欢走路的人,生病的时间长2倍。现代人以工作忙为借口逃避运动,其实,每天进行30分钟的有氧运动(如快走),免疫系统的工作效率更高。
七、少虑多笑
太看重位子,总想着票子,倒腾着房子,放不下架子,撕不开面子,眷顾着孩子……焦虑挂在每个人的脸上。为什么不尝试换种表情呢?4岁的孩子每隔4分钟就会笑一次,成人也应每小时都笑一笑。笑不仅能增进肺活量,还能帮你减肥,给心脏松绑。开怀大笑15分钟能够消耗40卡热量。如果每天都如此,一年可以减轻至少1.8公斤的体重。任何人都会有情绪失控的时候,不妨准备一个“心情急救箱”,比如看场电影、跑几圈、到某个地方吃点心、和孩子们在一起、购物排队时与别人分享笑容,让笑容如阳光般照亮生活,同时也“温暖”心脏。
八、少欲多施
平时不妨多给予别人帮助,如借给陌生人纸、笔,给街头乞讨者食物或钱,参与募捐活动等等。小小的善行能让你感到自己生存的社会价值,给你带来情感满足,烦恼自然就烟消云散。另外,好吃的东西不要自己独享,分点给别人,不但与他人分享美味,一方面也控制了自己的热量摄入;别犯懒让同事帮你带饭捎东西,离开座位,自己跑一趟,看看可以为别人顺手做些什么。这样一来,不仅能活动筋骨,防止肥肉上身,还赚了个好人缘。
九、少言多行
健康计划不能只是口上说说,动辄以“没时间”、“坚持不下去”等当作借口。与其整日抱怨体重降不下来、啤酒肚渐渐隆起,不如利用这些时间行动起来吧!不然的话,你永远只能看着别人的好身材、好气色干瞪眼。从今天起,每天努力改掉一个坏习惯,就当给自己储存一份健康保险。
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