天气持续高温,力求清凉的同时,要严防风寒,避免空调病、冷饮病,应维持冷热平衡;夏练三伏,可以能使身体更好地获得“顺四时,适寒暑”的能力,但锻炼时间不宜过长;夏夜过热,容易难眠,养成早睡早起非常重要,适当的午睡可补眠……
“我从年轻时就有这个毛病,一到热天就吃不下,只能喝粥,也睡不好……”在民间,夏季不适被称作是“苦夏”。随着气温的持续升高,食欲减退、降温去火成了市民热议的话题。近日,本刊特邀毓璜顶医院营养科营
饮食:力荐清淡补水
“夏季,身体外界处于一个散热的状态,毛孔张开,血液集中对付外界,而使得身体内部的消化系统等处于弱状态。”针对夏季很多市民出现的食欲减退以及上火等症状,毓璜顶医院营养科主任宋新娜告诉记者,这是由特定的生理机理和外部条件决定的,所以这个时候,讲究清淡饮食,及时补充水分就显得很必要。
宋新娜说,夏季饮食应清淡而又能促进食欲,推荐多吃些凉拌菜、咸蛋、豆制品、绿豆以及黄瓜、丝瓜、冬瓜、青菜、西红柿、花菜之类的蔬菜。不能暴饮暴食,晚餐尤其不应吃过饱。水果和蔬菜要多吃,如西瓜、黄瓜和西红柿等,这些东西可以在两顿饭之间吃。在解渴饮料方面推荐矿泉水、冷茶、牛奶、苹果汁,这些饮料热量最少。
根据就餐人群不同,宋主任提醒市民,点菜也很有讲究。她说,像老年人,适合做一些南瓜牛肉汤等易消化且经济实惠,同时兼具食疗功效的菜肴。而小孩,则来点蛋羹、肉末炒玉米等既营养又安全的菜肴。一些女性,宋主任提倡大家可以点美容瘦身的菜肴,如酸辣猪皮汤、拍黄瓜等。而对于男性,则可以选用含鱼、虾、牡蛎和韭菜等的菜肴,有利于补肾。
睡眠:提倡睡子午觉
时下,越来越多的人认识到睡眠对养生的至关重要了。对此,宋新娜主任说:“说养生,不会睡觉啥都白讲。每天晚上11点之前一定要上床睡觉。现在好多人特别热衷于夜生活,一玩就是次日两三点钟。殊不知,这样最伤身体,是短命行为。”
所以,宋新娜称,夏季,市民一定要注意睡个子午觉。她说,所谓的子午觉,就是指在每天的子时、午时按时入睡,其主要原则是“子时大睡,午时小憩”。因为,此时阳气最盛,阴气衰弱,“阴气尽则寐”,所以午时也应睡觉;不过,阳气盛时通常工作效率最高,所以午休以“小憩”为主,只要半个小时即可,因为午睡时间太长,会扰乱人体生物钟,影响晚上睡眠。
健身:适当晒太阳出汗
对于夏季的娱乐活动,宋新娜说,夏天不适合做剧烈的运动,尤其是出大汗的运动,可以首选散步,其次是慢跑和游泳,最好做到“心静如水”,尽量避免长时间的暴晒。“尤其是那些早晨起来口苦但又不想喝水的市民,一般都是虚寒体质,虚寒体质则不适合游泳,也不能老呆在空调房里,要适当晒太阳出出汗。”
而对于老年人,宋主任则提醒,夏天一定要注意防暑,避免室外活动。天气太热,老年人容易头晕、胸闷、浑身发软,外出锻炼易中暑,特别是患有心脑血管病的老年人,以预防脑梗塞和中风的发生。
- 上一篇:安全作业证管理制度
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