夏季“打盹”是因为夏日昼长夜短,夏夜燥热难耐,影响了睡眠质量,高温又使人体皮肤血管受热扩张,大量血液流入,这些都可使机体的消耗增大,出现疲乏的感觉产生睡意。
午饭后,人的身体为保证食物的消化吸收,全身大部分血液流向消化系统,大脑的血液相对减少,加上经过一个上午的工作或学习,脑细胞也处于疲劳状态,故有昏昏欲睡感。
午间这种睡意的产生是正常睡眠和清醒的生物节律的表现规律,通过午睡来进行调节,午睡可补偿夜间睡眠不足,能使人的大脑和身体各个系统都得到放松和休息,更有利于下午、晚上的工作或学习。
另外,午睡也可以保护大脑,缓解紧张。当睡眠时,不但大脑皮质的神经细胞受到保护抑制,得到休息,同时身体各部分也得到一个全面的休息,全身肌肉松弛了,因活动而消耗的体力就可以逐渐恢复过来,身体内部的各种器官就可以平静更有规律地工作。
★醒后轻度活动,午睡后要慢慢站起,再喝一杯水,以补充血容量,稀释血液黏稠度,不要马上从事复杂和危险的工作。
★午睡的习惯要持之以恒,因为午睡习惯不规则也会搅乱生理时钟,影响晚觉的规律。例如拖到傍晚才睡,不但对健康没有帮助,也会延误晚上的入睡时间。
★如果要午睡,要养成每天定时定量的习惯。午睡最好的时间是在早上睡醒之后的8小时,以及晚上睡觉前的8小时,也就是一天活动时间的中间。即使在那个时间不觉得困,也可以稍做休息,而不是把喝咖啡当醒脑汤。
★睡前不吃油腻食物,不吃得太饱。油腻食物会增加血液黏稠度,加重冠状动脉病变,加重胃消化负担,影响午休质量。
★健康的午睡以15~30分钟最恰当,若是超过30分钟,身体便会进入不易睡醒的深睡期,还不如延长到1~1.5小时,完成一整个睡眠的周期。午觉睡太久,刚起来的半小时会有轻微的头痛、全身无力,这是“睡眠惯性”所造成。这时候别期望会马上清醒,经过一个小时的缓冲就能恢复正常。不过,这种较长的午睡只适用于补充前晚的睡眠不足,真正健康午睡不应该超过30分钟,否则就容易打乱生理时钟,影响正常晚觉。
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