朋友,当你打开啤酒准备畅饮的时候,你是否知道喝啤酒与人体健康的关系,喝啤酒有益处也有坏处。
啤酒是以麦牙、大米、酒花、啤酒酵母和酿造水为原料,它的主要特点是酒精含量低,含有较为丰富的糖类、维生素、氨基酸、钾、钙、镁等营养成分,适量饮用,对身体健康有一定好处。
啤酒具有较高的水含量,可以解渴;同时,啤酒中的有机酸具有清新、提神的作用。一方面可减少过度兴奋和紧张情绪,并能促进肌肉松弛;另一方面,能剌激神经,促进消化;除此之外,啤酒中低含量的钠、酒精、核酸能增加大脑血液的供给,扩张冠状动脉,并通过提供的血液对肾脏的剌激而加快人体的代谢活动。而且,啤酒还有“防病”功能,据美国加州医疗中心的试验表明:适度饮啤酒的人比禁酒者和酒狂可减少心脏病、溃疡病的机率,而且可防止得高血压和其他疾病。
但因为啤酒的酒精含量虽然不高,一旦过量,酒精绝对量增加,就会加重肝脏的负担并直接损害肝脏组织,增加肾脏的负担,心肌功能也会减弱。长此以往可致心力衰竭、心律紊乱等。
研究证实,过量饮用啤酒,不但起不到预防高血压和心脏病的效果,相反还促进了动脉血管硬化、心脏病和脂肪肝等病的发生、发展。大量饮用啤酒,使胃粘膜受损,造成胃炎和消化性溃疡,出现上腹不适、食欲不振、腹胀、嗳气和反酸等症状。许多人夏天喜欢喝冰镇啤酒,导致胃肠道温度下降,毛细血管收缩,使消化功能下降。由于啤酒营养丰富、产热量大,所含营养成分大部分能被人体吸收,长期大量饮用会造成体内脂肪堆积,致使大腹便便,形成“啤酒肚”。病人常伴有血脂、血压升高。
有关资料还表明,萎缩性胃炎、泌尿系统结石等患者,大量饮用啤酒会导致旧病复发或加重病情。这是因为酿造啤酒的大麦芽汁中含有钙、草酸、乌核苷酸和嘌呤核苷酸等,它们相互作用,能使人体中的尿酸量增加一倍多,不但促进胆肾结石形成,而且可诱发痛风症。刚才讲到,适量饮啤酒可以防病,但物极必反,如果饮用过量,会降低人体反应能力。澳大利亚专家调查发现,每天饮5升以上啤酒的人最容易患直肠癌。
以下几类不宜饮啤酒的人群:消化道疾病患者,比如患有胃炎、胃溃疡、结肠炎的病人;肝脏病患者,有急慢性肝病的人,其肝脏功能不健全,就不能及时发挥其解毒等功能,容易发生酒精中毒,而且酒精会直接损伤肝细胞;心脑血管疾病患者和孕妇也不宜喝啤酒。
喝啤酒必须注意以下九点:
1.饮用啤酒不宜过量;2.消化系统患者不宜饮用啤酒;3.不宜以啤酒送服药品;4.不宜同时吃腌熏食品;5.不宜与烈性酒同饮;6.大汗之后不宜饮用啤酒;7.不宜用热水瓶贮存散装啤酒;8.不宜饮用超期久存的啤酒;9.不宜饮用冷冻啤酒。
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对人体的胃肠、心脏、肝脏及肾脏造成不良影响,导致一些疾病的发生,且多喝啤酒还潜伏着患痛风的危险。
若喝冰镇啤酒危害更大,大量饮用会使胃肠道的温度急速下降,血流量减少,从而造成生理功能失调,并影响消化功能,严重时甚至会引发痉挛性腹痛和腹泻、急性胰腺炎等危及生命的急症。
喝啤酒益处:
⑴、啤酒具有利尿作用,啤酒的利尿作用可用于治疗小便赤黄等疾病。
⑵、喝啤酒具有促进胃液分泌作用。 从而起到了增加食欲的作用。
⑶、啤酒具有低盐食品作用。对于肾病肾硬化症以及心脏不良等患者,是绝对禁止饮用烈性高度酒和严格摄入钠盐的。但适当饮用啤酒后,啤酒中含有的适度热量和低盐性不会给患者带来热量上的不足,并且还可以达到长期、严格限制盐分摄取过量的目的。
⑷、喝啤酒对于治疗结石具有一定疗效。
此外,啤酒对于缓解精神上的紧张感都具有一定效果。所以啤酒不仅是单纯的嗜好饮料,而且还被当作健身的营养品。
所以建议大家喝啤酒只要适量就没什么不好了。
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