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【责任分散效应】 | 2010-11-17 7:22:00
1964313320分,在美国纽约郊外某公寓前,一位叫朱诺比白的年轻女子在结束酒巴间工作回家的路上遇刺。当她绝望地喊叫:有人要杀人啦!救命!救命!”听到喊叫声,附近住户亮起了灯,打开了窗户,凶手吓跑了。当一切恢复平静后,凶手又返回作案。当她又叫喊时,附近的住户又打开了电灯,凶手又逃跑了。当她认为已经无事,回到自己家上楼时,凶手又一次出现在她面前,将她杀死在楼梯上。在这个过程中,尽管她大声呼救,她的邻居中至少有38位到窗前观看,但无一人来救她,甚至无一人打电话报警。这件事引起纽约社会的轰动,也引起了社会心理学工作者的重视和思考。人们把这种众多的旁观者见死不救的现象称为责任分散效应。
对于责任分散效应形成的原因,心理学家进行了大量的实验和调查,结果发现:这种现象不能仅仅说是众人的冷酷无情,或道德日益沦丧的表现。因为在不同的场合,人们的援助行为确实是不同的。当一个人遇到紧急情境时,如果只有他一个人能提供帮助,他会清醒地意识到自己的责任,对受难者给予帮助。如果他见死不救会产生罪恶感、内疚感,这需要付出很高的心理代价。而如果有许多人在场的话,帮助求助者的责任就由大家来分担,造成责任分散,每个人分担的责任很少,旁观者甚至可能连他自己的那一份责任也意识不到,从而产生一种我不去救,由别人去救的心理,造成集体冷漠的局面。如何打破这种局面,这是心理学家正在研究的一个重要课题。

Re:【责任分散效应】 | 2010-11-17 7:24:40
章仁根【责任分散效应】阅而知之.
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Re:【责任分散效应】 | 2010-11-17 7:24:43
章仁根【责任分散效应】阅而知之.
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原创 | 2016-9-6 17:56:13
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原创 | 2016-9-28 17:30:03
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原创 | 2016-9-30 12:06:25
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-8 18:05:14
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-11 14:45:06
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-12 22:45:03
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-13 16:17:55
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 13:41:28
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 17:55:10
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 18:59:27
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-16 23:46:41
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 12:42:43
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 15:46:41
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 23:04:21
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-23 14:21:14
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-18 14:39:44
bquxb(游客)http://wen.28.com/article/144230
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-18 15:24:14
ihwad(游客)http://wen.28.com/article/154891
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