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卫生部对放射性核素碘-131健康相关知识进行答问
2011-3-27 21:23:00
 1. 有报道称黑龙江部分环境监测点发现空气中含有极微量碘-131,是不是说明日本核泄漏事故已威胁到我们?

    碘-131是人工放射性核素(核裂变产物),正常情况下自然界中不会存在,日本核泄漏事故释放的放射性核素中含有这种核素。目前在黑龙江东北部空气中监测出碘-131,仅提示日本核泄漏的放射性物质随大气扩散已抵达我国境内,但浓度极其微弱,对我国公众健康不会构成危害。

    2. 碘-131多大含量会对人造成伤害,目前监测量是多少?

    根据国家核事故应急协调委员会3月26日发布的信息,在我国黑龙江省东北部空气中发现了极微量的人工放射性核素碘-131,其对当地公众产生的剂量小于天然本底辐射剂量的十万分之一。据此估算,公众持续摄入一年情况下,所导致的剂量约是国家标准(GB18871-2002)规定的公众年剂量限值(1mSv)的十万分之一左右,不会对公众健康造成影响。考虑到目前的浓度环境下不可能持续一年时间,浓度很快会降低,实际结果将远低于上述数值。

    3.碘-131会对人体造成哪些健康影响?会污染食品和水,进而损害我们的健康吗?

    碘-131摄入人体后,主要积聚在甲状腺处对人体造成危害,大剂量情况下会导致甲状腺肿、甲状腺结节或萎缩等,远后期的影响会使甲状腺癌的发生率增加。

    从目前的监测结果来看,监测到的是极微量的放射性核素,不会污染我国食品和饮用水,更不会对我国公众的健康造成影响。

    4. 如何及时获得相关信息,在当前情况下需要注意什么?情况严重时个人能做什么防护?有有效治疗方法吗?

    国家有关部门已对日本核泄漏对我国造成的影响进行实时监测,会及时发布相关信息,公众应及时关注国家相关部门发布的权威信息。当前情况下不会对公众健康造成危害,无需采取防护措施。根据卫生部要求,各省级卫生行政部门均已在本辖区指定医疗卫生机构,可以开展人员辐射污染检测、医学处理和辐射损伤救治。

    5. 卫生部门开展有关地点食品和饮用水辐射污染监测了吗,结果如何?

    自日本核泄漏事故发生以来,卫生部门一直在密切关注事态的发展,并已及时部署了在北京、东北、沿海等14个省市开展食品和饮用水放射性监测工作。

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2017-2-20 18:43:37
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2017-2-19 23:39:51
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2017-2-19 22:19:11
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2016-10-23 14:55:42
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2016-10-22 21:46:16
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2016-10-21 5:24:16
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2016-10-18 4:35:22
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2016-10-17 23:12:52
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章
2016-10-17 3:59:16
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2016-10-11 18:03:19
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