2011-12-29 19:15:00

2010年全国职业病报告情况

根据30个省、自治区、直辖市（不包括西藏）和新疆生产建设兵团职业病报告，2010年新发职业病27240例。其中尘肺病23812例，急性职业中毒617例，慢性职业中毒1417例，其他职业病1394例。从行业分布看，煤炭、铁道和有色金属行业报告职业病病例数分别为13968例、2575例和2258例，共占全国报告职业病例数的69.02%。自上世纪50年代以来，全国累计报告职业病749970例，其中累计报告尘肺病676541例，死亡149110例，现患527431例；累计报告职业中毒47079，其中急性职业中毒24011，慢性职业中毒23068例。 　　（一）尘肺病。2010年共报告尘肺病新病例23812例，死亡病例679例。23812例尘肺病新病例中，94.21％的病例为煤工尘肺和矽肺，分别为12564例和9870例；57.75%的病例分布在煤炭行业。 　　目前尘肺病仍是我国最严重的职业病，2010年，报告尘肺病例数占职业病报告总例数的87.42%；尘肺病发病工龄有缩短的趋势；超过半数的病例分布在中、小型企业。 　　（二）职业中毒。2010年共报告各类急性职业中毒事故301起，中毒617例，死亡28例，病死率为4.54%。其中，重大职业中毒事故19起，中毒215例，死亡28例，病死率13.02%。报告急性职业中毒起数最多的为化工行业，占21.59%;急性职业中毒人数最多的为煤炭行业;引起急性职业中毒的化学物质涉及30余种，居首位的为一氧化碳,共发生78起175人中毒;病死率最高的为硫化氢中毒,47人中毒,死亡8人。 　　2010年共报告慢性职业中毒1417例。引起慢性职业中毒人数排在前3位的化学物质分别是铅及其化合物、苯、砷及其化合物，分别为499例（占35.22%）、272例（占19.20%）和157例（占11.08%）。主要分布在轻工、冶金和电子等行业。 　　（三）职业性肿瘤。2010年共报告职业性肿瘤80例。其中苯所致白血病49例，焦炉工人肺癌18例、石棉所致肺癌和间皮瘤共10例、联苯胺所致膀胱癌1例、砷所致肺癌和皮肤癌1例、铬酸盐制造业工人肺癌1例。 　　（四）职业性耳鼻喉口腔等疾病。2010年共报告1314例，其中职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病347例（其中噪声聋多达333例），职业性眼病251例，职业性皮肤病226例，物理因素所致职业病225例（其中中暑117例，手臂振动病100例），生物因素所致职业病201例（其中布氏杆菌病159例，森林脑炎42例），其他职业病64例。（

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