2011-9-27 10:18:00

电焊尘肺及其预防

电焊时，焊条芯、焊条外的焊药和被焊接物件在高温下熔化蒸发， 氧化物颗粒飘散出来，这就是电焊烟尘。固然焊条、焊药和焊接材料不同，但主要成份都为氧化铁、氧化锰、氟化物、二氧化硅等。电焊工人长期吸进这种烟尘，患电焊尘肺的机会很高。焊工尘肺是一种混合性尘肺，其发病机会与工种、工龄、作业环境有关系。假如在密闭环境下、空气不流通、作业环境透风条件差、粉尘浓度高，并且多个焊工同时工作，发病时间就较短，发病率较高。焊工发病工龄为10～20年，也有3～5年发病的。     电焊工防尘     保持作业环境良好的透风条件，对电焊工最为重要。如透风条件差，应安装排气扇、抽风管等设施，尽量排除烟尘；定点焊接作业点上方、操纵者鼻子以下位置，要安装抽风罩，及时抽走烟尘，以免被操纵职员吸进。假如在容器（如大型管道、 集装箱、油罐等焊件）内焊接，应配备 排风扇、抽风机或吸尘罩 等除尘装置。焊件应干净， 没有灰尘，还要保持作业 环境的地面干净、清洁。     电焊工人一定要佩戴护目罩与防尘口罩，定期进行健康体检。

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