http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/index.html

总局通报鞍钢“2·20”喷爆重大事故

作者[孙锡云] 发表于[2012-2-24 23:30:00]

国家安全监管总局关于鞍钢集团公司重型机械

有限责任公司“2·20”喷爆重大事故的通报

安监总管四〔201228

各省、自治区、直辖市及新疆生产建设兵团安全生产监督管理局,有关中央企业:

    2012220日,位于辽宁省鞍山市的鞍钢集团公司重型机械有限责任公司铸钢厂(以下简称铸钢厂)开始生产水电下环(毛重95吨,采用两罐合浇的方法在砂型中浇注)。砂型制作完成后,2330分开始进行钢水浇注,2336分左右,在第二罐钢水浇注即将结束时发生砂型型腔喷爆,造成13人死亡、17人受伤(6人重伤)。铸钢厂现有职工1340人,主要设备有75吨、150吨、300吨真空浇注地坑各一座,移动式混砂机7座,15/时砂处理再生系统两套,年产铸钢件7万吨。

    依据有关规定,国务院安委会已对该起事故的查处实行挂牌督办,查处结果将及时向社会公布。据初步分析,事故原因是:由于型腔内部或者底部残余水份过高,钢水进入型腔后,残余水份受热,短时间内迅速膨胀,造成砂型型腔喷爆。事故详细原因正在进一步调查。为深刻吸取事故教训,进一步加强熔融金属作业安全管理工作,有效防范和坚决遏制类似事故发生,现提出以下要求:

    一、提高对熔融金属作业安全管理重要性的认识,防范同类事故发生

    熔融金属作业涉及不同的行业和企业,危险性较大。各地区、各有关部门和企业要认真吸取这起事故的教训,深入贯彻落实《国务院关于进一步加强企业安全生产工作的通知》(国发〔201023号)、《国务院关于坚持科学发展安全发展促进安全生产形势持续稳定好转的意见》(国发〔201140号)和《国务院办公厅关于继续深入扎实开展“安全生产年”活动的通知》(国办发〔201214号)精神,提高对熔融金属作业安全管理重要性的认识,切实加强安全管理,认真分析查找存在的漏洞和薄弱环节,严格执行有关安全规程和操作程序,防范同类事故的发生。

    二、开展熔融金属作业专项治理,强化作业现场管理

    各地区要按照《国家安全监管总局关于印发2012年工作要点的通知》(安监总政法〔201218号)的有关要求,开展熔融金属作业专项治理工作。各有关企业要进一步完善熔融金属作业安全操作规程,突出重点环节、关键部位,强化作业现场管理。要严格检测原砂含水量,确保达到工艺要求;采用地坑造型时,要了解地坑造型部位的水位,以防浇注时高温金属液体遇潮发生爆炸;要安排好排气孔道,使铸型底部的气体能顺利排出型外;要定期对熔融金属罐(包)进行检查、检测、维修和保养,并在确认烘干后方可使用。

    三、扎实开展隐患排查治理,落实企业安全生产主体责任

    各地区要贯彻落实《国务院安委会办公室关于认真贯彻落实国务院第六次全体会议和全国安全生产电视电话会议精神切实加强第一季度安全生产工作的通知》(安委办明电〔20123号)精神,督促有关企业认真组织开展隐患排查治理,对检查过程中发现的安全隐患,要立即责令整改,并确保整改措施、责任、资金、时限和预案“五落实”。对存在重大隐患的企业,要立即责令停产整顿;对排查不认真、整改措施不落实、违法违规组织生产的企业及其主要负责人、相关责任人,要依法严肃惩处。

    四、严肃事故查处,加大责任追究力度,切实用事故教训推动工作

    各有关地区和部门要依据《生产安全事故报告和调查处理条例》(国务院令第493号)的规定,严格按照“四不放过”和“科学严谨、依法依规、实事求是、注重实效”的原则,认真组织开展事故调查,确保按期结案。要认真查清事故原因,查明事故性质,认定事故责任,对事故发生负有领导、监督和管理责任的单位和人员,要依法依规严肃处理。要及时公布事故调查处理结果,自觉接受社会监督。同时,要举一反三,认真总结吸取事故教训,针对事故暴露出的突出问题,采取切实有效的防范措施,坚决遏制重特大事故的发生。

国家安全生产监督管理总局

二〇一二年二月二十三日

  • 标签:事故案例 
  • 圈子:注安之家 
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    原创

    作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-30 10:07:50]
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    原创

    作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-28 15:34:12]
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    喷爆事故原因及防范

    作者[sxiyun] 发表于[2012-3-2 16:50:08]
    sxiyun喷爆事故原因及防范
    定义
    氧气在高温的作用下造成砂型型腔爆炸,同时导致钢水喷溅,或由于铸造腔体本身不均匀,钢水浇注时遇到水分后迅速汽化,瞬间膨胀产生能量,引发喷爆。此类事故业内称为“型腔跑火”或“型腔顶爆”。喷爆事故大多会造成群死群伤的严重后果,但此类事故近年来并不多发。
    原因
    一般来说,发生喷爆事故的原因有:一是没有将钢水铸造作业列为企业危险作业范畴,没有实施作业票制度。二是在实施钢水铸造前,没有对铸件型腔进行检查,一旦铸件型腔烘干不合格,存在水分或是部分潮湿,在铸造时钢水遇到水分就会迅速汽化,瞬间膨胀释放能量,从而产生喷爆。三是安全防护装置缺失。四是安全联锁装置缺失,发生喷爆后,作业现场能见度低,救援人员呼吸困难,事故现场易发生次生事故,延误救援。
    防范措施
    防范喷爆事故,一般应采取以下几方面的措施:
    一是实施作业票制度;二是钢水铸造前,由专业检测人员通过检测仪器对型腔防水、防潮情况进行检测,经检测合格并由检测人员出具书面检测合格报告后,方可投入使用;三是在型腔周围设置固定的安全防护挡板,一旦发生喷爆,可为现场作业人员设置一道安全屏障;四是改进生产工艺技术,采用机械设备代替人工作业;五是采用安全联锁装置,一旦发生事故,立即启动除尘系统,使用机械填埋干燥黄沙隔离钢水的方法,迅速使事故现场降温,方便现场作业人员逃生和救援。(刘成)
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